Bravery, courage, pain tolerance, and even brute force are some of the skills we usually associate with military operations. In the minds of most civilians, troops are similar to superheroes or “strongmen” who fear no enemy and can take down any “bad guy” that crosses their path. These attributes are certainly important to succeed as an individual and, more importantly, as a unit in most operations. Nevertheless, for combat divers and drone pilots, there are other important elements needed. 

Psychological factors such as determination, calmness under pressure, and surgical precision in handling delicate artifacts under spatial and temporal restrictions are some of the most important traits combat divers and drone pilots must possess. 

Combat Divers

Water has long been an essential element of warfare. Underwater combat, however, did not become prominent until submarines emerged in the early 20th century. 

The psychological aspect of underwater combat is where combat diver instructors and professionals pay the most attention. Combat divers become the ultimate warriors, capable of controlling their minds and fears to such an extent that they are virtually impossible to intimidate. 

“The main reason combat diver qualification is so tough is when you take a human being, a common air-breather, put him under the water, and take away his source of air. It can make the biggest, meanest, baddest human being become very weak, panic-stricken. It drains the will to survive. We’re looking for people who can overcome those pitfalls and remain confident,” says Sgt. 1st Class Benjamin Tabberer, a Combat Diver Qualification Course (CDQC) instructor. 

A short video of an inside look at the Army Special Forces Underwater Operations (SFUWO) School at Key West, FL. is almost enough to grasp this extreme anguish that trainees experience during the CDQC in order to be fully prepared for combat. 

“You have to remain calm, I think that’s the biggest goal here for us as students, is to learn how to remain calm under situations that you don’t think you’re going to make it out of,” says Sgt. Blake Gorey, an SFUWO student.

Instructors are the first ones to acknowledge the difficulties and the grind that students are exposed to as an absolute requirement to obtain their certification. Even Green Berets or Rangers often struggle to complete the school.  

“It takes a special Green Beret to want to become a combat diver. It requires a self-starter, somebody who wants to accept the challenge of this course, it’s a very difficult and challenging course, but one with proper training and preparation, that Green Beret or Ranger will succeed here,” says Major and SFUWO Commanding Officer Josh Eaton.

Drone Pilots

For days the Air Force Orion orbited over the compound in Afghanistan near the Pakistani border watching for signs of activity. It was on the lookout for was the departure of a Toyota Hilux pickup from the compound carrying an al-Qaeda leader.

The compound itself could not be hit without danger to civilians unaware that their guest was a wanted terrorist. The plan was to track the Hilux to its next destination for intelligence gathering purposes, thus exposing the larger network this High-Value Target was running. But so far the guy was staying put.

The drone crews had spent the last several days flying in shifts watching the compound closely and patiently for hours on end detecting no discernable movement. This was the grind that went with the job. Seemingly endless hours of intense focus while watching the target area, taking it all in at once, straining to notice the slightest detected activity while circling miles above it.

As unrelated as it might seem, that same ability to keep a clear mind and make decisions quickly and effectively under highly stressful situations is also key to thrive as a Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) pilot.

This piece by Interesting Engineering on the history of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) points to the 1940s as the era in which the first patent of something similar to what we currently know as a drone, came to fruition.

The exponential advancements in technology have brought about a relatively recent specialty, which is now essential in some military operations: the drone pilot, also known as RPA pilot. The unique advantages that drones offer in surveillance and attack settings have made them a core military instrument. This creates the need for highly qualified personnel that can make the most of these assets. “Since 2008, the number of pilots of remotely piloted aircraft has grown fourfold, to nearly 1,300,” according to the New York Times.

Like most jobs that involve advanced technology, multitasking is an essential skill for a drone pilot. 

“An RPA pilot needs to be decisive and be able to multitask effectively. With the various mission sets, you’ll be on multiple computers, flying an aircraft, managing a crew, things can be very dynamic, so you have to be able to react on the fly and make solid decisions,” says an MQ9-Reaper pilot in a U.S. Military News feature. 

Any drone pilot, however, relies on much more than just technical capabilities and excellent navigation skills. Attention to detail is necessary to successfully carry out drone-related tasks.

Drone Pilots Operate Under Pressures Unique to Their Occupation

While the physical strain that drone pilots experience maty not comparable to that of combat divers, the psychological strain can be similar.

These pilots need to be able to handle extremely expensive and sophisticated equipment on which entire operations are relying. Crucial information and even lives are usually at stake. 

Furthermore, drone pilots are constantly “switching on and off” depending on the type of operation they have to complete. Their profession is radically distinct from that of manned aircraft pilots. It can be much more “static” (as it is performed remotely). Further, manned aircraft pilots don’t usually witness the impact and destruction caused by their actions, as Jean Lin Otto, an epidemiologist who co-authored a study evaluating psychological damage on drone pilots, said to the New York Times.

Drone pilots require an incredible amount of mental resilience and the ability to focus intensely for many hours. “Remotely piloted aircraft pilots may stare at the same piece of ground for days. They witness the carnage. Manned aircraft pilots don’t do that. They get out of there as soon as possible,” Otto said.

Keeping in mind the high amounts of attentiveness and extreme focus they exercise, the highly sophisticated equipment they handle, and the crudity of the scenes they can witness, drone pilots also need top-tier mental preparation to excel at their duties. 

Underwater operators and drone pilots might not be thought of as the mentally toughest type of soldiers. Yet, an in-depth dive at the nature of their work shows the opposite.

These professionals handle high-pressure situations and have to make correct decisions in life-or-death scenarios under extraordinary amounts of strain.