On Wednesday, U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson will begin hosting the first anti-ISIS coalition meeting since President Trump took office.  Delegates and foreign ministers from sixty-eight nations are in attendance with important decisions to make about the future of anti-ISIS military efforts around the world for the U.S.-led coalition.

President Trump vowed to make the destruction of ISIS a centerpiece of his administration, already directing Secretary of Defense James Mattis and other federal agencies to submit a plan for the total defeat of the terrorist organization this past January.

ISIS has suffered a number of strategic defeats in recent months, and efforts are ongoing to root ISIS out of Iraq’s second largest city, Mosul, as well as the self-proclaimed ISIS capital of Raqqa in Syria.  Iraqi forces have retaken a number of important locations, to include East Mosul, since the last coalition  meeting of this sort.

In a meeting on Monday between President Trump and Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi, the American president once again reaffirmed his commitment to defeating ISIS all over the world, but also addressed the need to “promote a broad-based political and economic partnership based in the Strategic Framework Agreement,” in order to loosen any remaining cultural grip the terrorist group might retain over the people of Iraq.

According to a joint statement released by the White House, in the months to come, “United States and Iraqi leaders will consult on steps to deepen commercial ties and promote investment, expand collaboration in the energy sector, and seek new opportunities for cultural and educational cooperation.”

Discussions on Wednesday are expected to mirror this line of thinking, as the coalition strives to find ways not only to destroy the terrorist threat, but to prevent a similar group from gaining power in the region again.

The wide array of nations involved in the anti-ISIS efforts bring with them a unique set of challenges, as groups in Syria fighting ISIS are backed by three nations with distinctly different foreign policies: Russia, Turkey and the United States.  The U.S. backed rebel groups have a history of fighting with the Russian backed Syrian military, and Kurdish rebels in the region, which often enjoy U.S. support, are seen as a national security threat to the Turks.

Among the challenges faced by the coalition moving forward is a shift in the style of fighting likely to be employed in Iraq, as large pockets of ISIS fighters give way to insurgent snipers and suicide bombings intended only to slow the impending coalition victory.  Narrow city streets in places like Western Mosul, for instance, makes it difficult to maneuver armored vehicles and will likely leave Iraqi military forces susceptible to attacks by the few remaining pockets of fighters hidden amidst the Iraqi public.