There had been debates among historians on whether real female Viking warriors who fought, raided, and ransacked just as fiercely as men did really exist or not. It was not until 2017 when Charlotte Hedenstierna-Jonson, an archaeologist from Uppsala University, published her study about a Viking grave discovered in Birka, Sweden, in the 1800s. She and her team revisited the grave and uncovered that the warrior in the grave was a woman, as confirmed by DNA tests. This proved that female Viking warriors were a thing during the Viking era, around 790 to 1100 AD. Although, other experts still challenged her findings.

Freydis Eiríksdóttir

Freydis Eiríksdóttir (c. 970-c. 1004 CE) (Original image by Luc Van Braekel on Flickr/Uploaded by , CC BY 4.0, worldhistory.org)

Freydís Eiríksdóttir was Erik the Red’s daughter. Erik was a Viking explorer who was exiled after killing his neighbors who murdered his slaves. So, it was not much of a surprise when his daughter turned out to be a fierce warrior, too, who decided to join an expedition after seeing her brother Leif Eiriksson gain infamy for discovering Vinland. Depending on which story you read, Freydis was either an awesome warrior or an evil one.

In Erik the Red’s Saga, she was left alone when a group of natives attacked their party on their way to Vinland. She called their attackers out by saying,

“Why run you away from such worthless creatures, stout men that ye are, when, as seems to me likely, you might slaughter them like so many cattle? Let me but have a weapon, I think I could fight better than any of you.”

She then grabbed a sword, tore open her shirt, beat her breasts with the blade, and defied the enemies.

Meanwhile, in The Saga of the Greenlanders, she disliked her brothers and felt that they were too presumptuous, so she told her husband that they were abusing and beating her and that he should avenge her or she would divorce him. Her husband and his men went and killed his brothers’ party while Freydis killed all the women that her husband’s party refused to hurt. However, this second story was written later than the first one and was said to have been made to discredit her strong female figure.

Sigrid the Proud

Sigrid the Haughty and Olaf Tryggvason
Sigrid the Haughty and Olaf Tryggvason. (Erik Werenskiold, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons)

Also known as Sigrid the Haughty, and rightfully so, she was a Swedish queen who did not want to abide by people’s rules. She preferred to reign by herself after the King of Sweden, Erik the Victorious, died. This choice of hers did not discourage her suitors from trying to woo her into marriage. Harald Grenske of Norway and Vissavald of the Kievan Rus both tried to court her. Sigrid, realizing that they were only interested in her wealth and nothing more, decided to make them an instrument to discourage future suitors.

Sigrid invited the two to a party. When they and their men fell asleep after drinking too much, she locked the doors of the hall and burned them alive.