Space-Based Defense: US Space Force’s 21-Mission Initiative

The US Space Force has embarked on an ambitious mission to strengthen its presence in space.

In a recent announcement, the Space Force has unveiled plans for 21 new launch missions through 2024 under the National Security Space Launch (NSSL) program. These missions are essential for ensuring the nation’s security and providing vital information to decision-makers and warfighters.

Two companies, United Launch Alliance (ULA) and SpaceX, have been entrusted with these missions, and both have pivotal roles in advancing the nation’s space capabilities.

Space Force: Mission Breakdown

The 21 new launch missions serve various strategic purposes and contribute to different facets of national security. Let’s look into the details of these missions:

United Launch Alliance (ULA) Takes the Lead

Out of the 21 assignments, ULA has secured 11, making them a key player in the NSSL program.

ULA’s responsibilities include launching satellites for the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO), some of which are classified. These satellite launches are integral to the nation’s intelligence-gathering and surveillance capabilities.

Furthermore, ULA is set to test a cutting-edge nuclear thermal rocket for the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA).

ULA’s new innovative #VulcanRocket is beginning final processing milestones in advance of the inaugural launch. The #Cert1 mission is planned to launch on Dec. 24 from SLC-41 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, FL. #CountdowntoVulcan

Read more: https://t.co/U7k4smBk0w pic.twitter.com/ma2NM6LQ2n

— ULA (@ulalaunch) November 6, 2023

Colonel Chad Melone, Senior Materiel Leader at the US Space Systems Command (SSC), expressed the command’s commitment to bolstering the nation’s space presence.

He emphasized the close partnership with mission customers and the domestic launch industry, all working together to protect the country.

This collaboration aims to deliver critical assets to warfighters while completing this phase of the NSSL program, with an eye on NSSL Phase 3, set to commence in fiscal year 2025.

SpaceX Reinforces Missile Protection

SpaceX, a pioneer in the space launch industry, will handle the remaining ten missions, playing a crucial role in enhancing multi-domain defenses.

One of the key missions is the launch of a Next-Generation Overhead Persistent Infrared (Next-Gen OPIR) satellite. This satellite will serve as a missile warning system, offering early detection of potential threats and reinforcing the nation’s missile protection capabilities.

These missions demonstrate SpaceX’s commitment to not only advancing space technology but also to contribute to the nation’s defense and security infrastructure.

#ICYMI – #TeamV completed yet another launch alongside @SpaceX. #SemperSupra https://t.co/axAmNuO8wC

— United States Space Force (@SpaceForceDoD) October 31, 2023

As technology evolves, so too must the nation’s capabilities in space.

Importance of Space-Based Capabilities

The increase in launch tempo, which has seen the number of missions rise from 34 to 48, is a clear indicator of the vital role that space-based capabilities play in providing essential information to the nation’s decision-makers and warfighters.

In an ever-evolving world, staying ahead of potential adversarial forces and deterring threats is of paramount importance.

Brigadier General Kristin Panzenhagen, SSC Program Executive Officer, has previously underscored the significance of these space-based capabilities and how they provide a competitive edge to the nation’s defense efforts.

Space-Based Intelligence Gathering

The missions awarded to ULA and SpaceX encompass a wide range of objectives, including intelligence gathering and surveillance.

The NRO relies on these missions to maintain a constant watchful eye on activities around the globe. While some missions are classified, their collective purpose is to enhance the nation’s ability to monitor potential threats and respond effectively to any challenges.

The inclusion of a second SILENTBARKER satellite launch demonstrates the commitment to meeting the Department of Defense and the intelligence community’s space protection requirements.

Geosynchronous orbit (GEO) is a strategic location for satellites, as it allows them to maintain a fixed position relative to the Earth’s surface, thereby providing continuous coverage and surveillance.

Nuclear Thermal Rocket Testing

ULA’s involvement in testing a nuclear thermal rocket is a testament to the continuous innovation in space technology. This endeavor, conducted in partnership with DARPA, seeks to explore new propulsion systems that could revolutionize space travel and exploration.

Nuclear thermal rockets offer a highly efficient and powerful means of propulsion, potentially reducing the time and resources required for deep-space missions.

Enhancing Multi-Domain Defenses

SpaceX’s focus on enhancing multi-domain defenses aligns with the growing importance of defending against a range of threats in different domains.

The launch of a Next-Gen OPIR satellite is a significant step towards strengthening missile protection.

Early detection of incoming missiles is critical for the safety and security of the nation, and this satellite system will contribute to that goal.

Looking Ahead

The NSSL program’s Phase 2 contract has substantially increased the number of launch missions, indicating the nation’s commitment to staying at the forefront of space capabilities.

As the world becomes more interconnected and technologically advanced, the importance of space-based assets cannot be overstated.

The Space Force’s dedication to expanding its presence in space reflects the evolving national security landscape.

As a recap, the US Space Force’s announcement of 21 new launch missions through 2024 underscores the nation’s commitment to strengthening its space presence and enhancing its national security capabilities.

With 11 missions awarded to ULA and 10 to SpaceX, these companies play a pivotal role in advancing space technology, intelligence gathering, and multi-domain defense.

As the service enters Phase 2 of the NSSL program, the increase in launch tempo highlights the indispensable role of space-based capabilities in providing critical information to decision-makers and ensuring the nation’s security in an ever-changing world—a commitment to space-based assets will continue to be a driving force in the nation’s security efforts for years to come.